摘 要：
民间文学艺术作品因其群体性、历史性与活态性的特征，在其独创性认定方法及标准的选择上具有特殊性。当前司法实践对民间文学艺术作品保护暴露出界定泛化且独创性判断标准不一的局限，加剧了同案不同判的困境甚至将民间文学艺术的整理作品视为普通演绎作品赋予现代创作者排他权，抑制文化共享。破解上述困境需以利益平衡为核心，构建兼顾创作激励与文化共享的独创性认定框架。民间文学艺术作品的独创性达到“高度盖然性”即可推定成立，赋予相关主体有限权利；对于基于民间文学艺术创作的演绎作品，应明确其为普通作品，以较高的独创性标准要求，突破传统程式并形成显著差异。
关键词：民间文学艺术作品；演绎作品；独创性；利益平衡
Abstract:
Folk literary and artistic works demonstrate particularity in determining originality criteria and methodologies due to their communal, historical, and dynamic characteristics. Current judicial practice reveals limitations in protecting such works, manifested through overbroad definitions and inconsistent originality standards, which exacerbate inconsistent rulings in similar cases. Particularly problematic is the classification of low-originality compilations as ordinary derivative works, thereby granting modern creators exclusive rights that impede cultural sharing. Resolving these challenges requires establishing an originality assessment framework centered on balancing interests between creative incentives and cultural dissemination. For folk literary and artistic works themselves, only minimal originality should be required to grant limited rights to relevant stakeholders. Regarding derivative works based on folk art, they must meet higher originality thresholds by breaking from traditional patterns and demonstrating substantial differentiation to qualify for ordinary copyright protection.
Keywords: Folk Literary and Artistic Works; Derivative Works; Originality
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