摘 要：
为了探究南京明城墙及周边环境空间活力差异及其影响因素，本文选取武定门至集庆门段、清凉门段和华严岗门至仪凤门段为研究对象，通过收集百度热力图、POI数据、OSM路网数据及网络评论等多源数据，借助层次分析法构建“内部特征—外部环境”活力评价体系，对南京明城墙及周边环境空间活力展开分析，并提出相应的提升策略。研究结果表明：内部特征权重为0.6597，高于外部环境权重0.3403，说明遗产本体特征对空间活力的影响更为显著；三段空间活力综合排序为武定门至集庆门段＞清凉门段＞华严岗门至仪凤门段，说明不同区段在历史文化资源、设施配置和空间使用强度等方面存在明显差异；高活力区段表现为历史文化资源较为集中、设施配套较完善、人群集聚效应较明显，低活力区段则普遍存在文化表达不足、空间联系薄弱和停留性较差等问题；结合活力评价结果和实地调研，对遗产保护、空间联系、设施配置和功能复合等方面提出提升策略，为南京明城墙及周边环境优化提升提供参考。
关键词：风景园林；遗产保护；公共空间；活力；南京明城墙
Abstract:
To examine the differences in spatial vitality of the Nanjing Ming 2City Wall and its surrounding environment and the influencing factors, this study selects three representative sections—Wudingmen–Jiqingmen, Qingliangmen, and Huayangangmen–Yifengmen—as the research objects. Multi-source data, including Baidu heat maps, POI data, OSM road network data, and online reviews, are collected. An evaluation framework of “internal characteristics–external environment” is constructed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze the spatial vitality of the Nanjing Ming City Wall and its surrounding environment and to propose corresponding enhancement strategies. The results show that the weight of internal characteristics (0.6597) is higher than that of the external environment (0.3403), indicating that the intrinsic attributes of the heritage have a more significant influence on spatial vitality. The overall vitality ranking of the three sections is Wudingmen–Jiqingmen > Qingliangmen > Huayangangmen–Yifengmen, revealing clear differences in historical and cultural resources, facility provision, and intensity of spatial use among sections. Sections with higher vitality are characterized by concentrated historical and cultural resources, relatively complete supporting facilities, and stronger crowd aggregation effects, whereas lower-vitality sections generally suffer from insufficient cultural expression, weak spatial connectivity, and limited capacity to support prolonged stays. Based on the evaluation results and field investigations, corresponding enhancement strategies are proposed in terms of heritage conservation, spatial connectivity, facility provision, and functional integration, providing a reference for improving the Nanjing Ming City Wall and its surrounding environment.
Keywords: Landscape architecture; Heritage conservation; Public space; Spatial vitality; Nanjing City Wall
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