摘 要：
针对医疗废弃物处理过程中存在的环境污染和高成本问题，本文系统评估了等离子体处理技术的经济与环境效益。基于实地调研和数据统计，采用生命周期评价法（LCA）与成本效益分析（CBA）相结合的方法，构建了医疗废弃物等离子体处理系统的评价模型。研究结果表明，等离子体技术在有效减少有害物质排放、降低环境风险的同时，具有较高的资源回收和能效优势，能够显著降低整体处理成本。该技术相比传统焚烧和填埋方法，在减少二氧化碳和有毒废气排放方面表现优越，体现了良好的可持续发展潜力。本研究为医疗废弃物科学管理提供了重要参考，推动了绿色环保处理技术的应用与推广，具有显著的社会经济和环境保护价值。
关键词：医疗废弃物；等离子体处理技术； 生命周期评价法；成本效益分析
Abstract:
Addressing the issues of environmental pollution and high costs in the treatment process of medical waste, this paper systematically evaluates the economic and environmental benefits of plasma treatment technology. Based on field research and data statistics, an evaluation model for the medical waste plasma treatment system is constructed by combining the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method with the Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) approach. The research results indicate that plasma technology not only effectively reduces the emission of harmful substances and mitigates environmental risks but also possesses significant advantages in resource recovery and energy efficiency, thereby substantially lowering the overall treatment costs. Compared with traditional incineration and landfill methods, this technology exhibits superior performance in reducing carbon dioxide and toxic gas emissions, demonstrating good potential for sustainable development. This study provides an important reference for the scientific management of medical waste, promoting the application and dissemination of green and environmentally friendly treatment technologies, and holds significant socio-economic and environmental protection value.
Keywords: Medical waste; Plasma treatment technology; Life cycle assessment; Cost-benefit analysis
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