摘 要：
链置换反应（Chain Displacement Reaction, CDR）信号放大策略结合适体（Aptamer）生物传感器在检测抗生素残留方面的敏感性与可行性。方法： 本研究纳入2023年3月—2025年3月我单位接收的100份疑似含恩诺沙星抗生素残留的动物源性食品样本，按传感器类型分为观察组（链置换信号放大适体传感器）和对照组（传统适体传感器），每组各50份。两组样本均采用荧光信号检测法进行结果读取，比较其检测限（LOD）、灵敏度、特异性及结果一致性。结果： 观察组的最低检测限显著低于对照组（0.35 ng/mL vs 1.02 ng/mL，P＜0.01），灵敏度为94%，高于对照组的78%（P＜0.05）；特异性方面差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组在检测时间上亦表现出更高效率，平均检测时长缩短约20%。结论： 链置换反应信号放大适体生物传感器在抗生素残留检测中具有良好的灵敏度与检测下限优势，能有效提升检测效率，具有较高的临床推广价值。
关键词：链置换反应；适体传感器；抗生素残留；检测限；灵敏度
Abstract:
To investigate the sensitivity and feasibility of an aptamer biosensor combined with a chain displacement reaction (CDR) amplification strategy for detecting antibiotic residues. Methods: This study included 100 animal-derived food samples suspected of containing enrofloxacin antibiotic residues, received by our institution from March 2023 to March 2025. The samples were divided into an observation group (CDR-amplified aptamer sensor) and a control group (traditional aptamer sensor), with 50 samples in each group. Fluorescence signal detection was used to read the results, and the limits of detection (LOD), sensitivity, specificity, and result consistency were compared between the two groups. Results: The lowest detection limit of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.35 ng/mL vs 1.02 ng/mL, P＜0.01). The sensitivity of the observation group was 94%, which was higher than that of the control group (78%, P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in specificity between the two groups (P＞0.05). The observation group also showed higher efficiency in detection time, with an average reduction of about 20% in detection duration. Conclusion: The CDR-amplified aptamer biosensor demonstrates good sensitivity and lower detection limit advantages in antibiotic residue detection, effectively improving detection efficiency and possessing high clinical promotion value.
Keywords: Chain displacement reaction; Aptamer sensor; Antibiotic residues; Limit of detection; Sensitivity
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