摘 要：
目的：研究了HIV感染/AIDS病人的心理健康状况,为研究HIV感染/AIDS病人心理状态与诊断提供了重要依据。方法使用ZUNG抑郁自评表（SDS）、ZUNG自我评定焦虑量表（SAS）及症状自评量表（SCL-90）对2016年1月至2016年1月就诊我科的61例HIV感染/AIDS患者初治患者进行心理状态的调查,同时随机选取同一时期在我科进行健康体检的61名就诊者作为对照组。由经过统一培训的专业医师对受调查者进行指导后采用无记名方式进行调查。使用SPSS19.0统计应用软件完成解析。统计信息通过卡方验证;正态分配的计算数据可以使用t检验,而非正态分布数据可以使用秩和验证,多因分析方法则使用Logistic逐步回归。结果二组被调查者之间在年龄、性别、学历、收入上的差别并无统计意义（P>0.05）。SDS与SAS量表的评估结果表明艾滋病患者的抑郁症、焦虑症评估均超过对照组,同时艾滋病患者在SCL负九十表的十个评估层次中的评估均超过了对照组,此差距具有统计含义。Logistic回归分析也证明女性患者（OR：0.053，P=0.024）的抑郁情况更剧烈；女性（OR：4.472，P=0.048），年龄越小（OR：0.077，P=0.038），收入越低（OR：6.187，P=0.037），提示患者焦虑程度越剧烈。结论：艾滋病患者抑郁、焦虑程度和精神神经状况较健康对照组严重,女性、低龄、低收入患者更容易出现负面心理情绪。对艾滋病患者尤其是女性、低龄、低收入患者更应加强心理支持治疗。
关键字：HIV/AIDS；心理合并症；抑郁；焦虑程度；精神神经状况
Abstract：
Objective: To study the mental health status of HIV /AIDS patients, and to provide an important basis for the study of mental status and diagnosis of HIV /AIDS patients. Methods A total of 61 newly diagnosed HIV /AIDS patients in our department from January 2016 to January 2016 were investigated with ZUNG self-rating depression scale (SDS), ZUNG self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90), and randomly selected for physical examination at the same time Sixty-one patients served as the control group. The survey was conducted by anonymous method after the guidance of uniformly trained professional doctors. SPSS19.0 statistical application software was used to complete the analysis. Statistical information was verified by chi-square test. Normally distributed calculated data can be verified by t-test, non-normally distributed data can be verified by rank sum, and multivariate analysis can be performed by Logistic stepwise regression. Results There was no significant difference in age, gender, education and income between the two groups (P>0.05). The results of SDS and SAS showed that the scores of depression and anxiety of AIDS patients were higher than those of the control group. At the same time, the scores of AIDS patients in ten evaluation levels of SCL-90 were higher than those of the control group. Logistic regression analysis also showed that female patients (OR: 0.053, P=0.024) had more severe depression. Female (OR: 4.472, P=0.048), younger age (OR: 0.077, P=0.038), and lower income (OR: 6.187, P=0.037) were associated with more severe anxiety. Conclusions: AIDS patients have more severe depression, anxiety and neuropsychological status than the healthy control group. Women, younger and low-income patients are more likely to have negative psychological emotions. Psychological support treatment should be strengthened for AIDS patients, especially for female, young and low-income patients.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS; Psychological comorbidities; Depression; Degree of anxiety; Neuropsychiatric conditions
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