摘 要：
面对人工智能(AI)技术的日益广泛应用，特别是自动驾驶技术引发的事故问题开始引起社会广泛关注，本研究以自动驾驶事故归责为切入点，对AI代理的责任归属与法律边界进行探讨。首先，从技术层面解析自动驾驶的具体操作流程，明确在自动驾驶事故中可能涉及的责任主体。然后，基于存在的三种法律理论：个人责任理论，产品责任理论和普遍责任理论，分析各责任主体在自动驾驾驶事故中的责任定位。研究发现，个人责任理论和产品责任理论在解决自动驾驶事故责任归属问题上存在明显的缺陷和困难，而普遍责任理论能更好的适应人工智能技术应用带来的责任归属问题，应是未来立法解决方案的主要推动力。在此基础上，提出完善相关法律法规，建立健全自动驾驶事故责任归属的制度化、规范化解决路径，提供了自动驾驶技术发展的法律框架和参考依据。
关键词：AI代理；责任归属；法律边界；自动驾驶事故
Abstract:
In the face of the increasingly widespread application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, especially the issue of accidents caused by autonomous driving technology that has begun to attract broad social attention, this study explores the attribution of responsibility and legal boundaries of AI agents by focusing on the attribution of responsibility for autonomous driving accidents. First, it analyzes the specific operational processes of autonomous driving from a technical perspective, clarifying the potential responsible parties involved in autonomous driving accidents. Then, based on three existing legal theories: individual responsibility theory, product liability theory, and general responsibility theory, it analyzes the responsibility positioning of each responsible party in autonomous driving accidents. The research finds that individual responsibility theory and product liability theory have significant flaws and difficulties in addressing the issue of responsibility attribution for autonomous driving accidents, while general responsibility theory can better adapt to the responsibility attribution issues brought about by the application of artificial intelligence technology and should be the main driving force behind future legislative solutions. On this basis, it proposes to improve relevant laws and regulations, establish a systematic and standardized resolution path for the attribution of responsibility for autonomous driving accidents, and provides a legal framework and reference for the development of autonomous driving technology.
Keywords: AI agents; Responsibility attribution; Legal boundaries; Autonomous driving accidents
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