系统综述

精神康复领域社会工作研究的知识图谱与议题前瞻⸺基于CNKI 294篇文献的计量分析与系统综述

作者：喻声援，胡殷泽，金平

北京师范大学社会学院北京

提交：2026-03-25录用：2026-06-13出版：2026-06-30

社会工作与志愿服务 2026, 3(1), 92-113; https://doi.org/10.58244/jswv.260004

课题资助：自筹经费。无利益冲突需要说明。

摘要：

本研究以中国知网（CNKI）收录的105篇期刊论文和189篇学位论文为样本，综合运用文献计量分析与内容分析方法，对精神康复领域的社会工作研究进行系统综述。计量分析表明：该领域发文量自2017年起进入快速增长期，2023年达峰值40篇；“社会工作”“精神康复”“社区康复”为高频关键词；作者群体分析显示，96.2%的第一作者仅发表1篇论文，远高于洛特卡定律预期的60.8%，核心作者发文贡献率仅8.6%，表明该领域处于碎片化的早期发展阶段。内容分析揭示：质性个案研究占主导，随机对照试验仅出现9次；社会支持理论、生态系统理论、复元理论和认知行为理论构成四大理论支柱；研究主题集中于社区康复和精神分裂症，焦虑障碍等高患病率病种研究近乎空白；研究场域偏重沿海发达城市，农村和中西部地区覆盖不足。本研究识别出方法论严谨性不足、作者群体碎片化、理论本土建构缺位、人群覆盖失衡、宏观制度研究匮乏、地域分布偏倚六项研究空白，并结合“精康融合行动”的政策需求提出未来优先方向。研究揭示了该领域“数量增长快、结构碎片化、方法同质化”的阶段性特征，为后续研究提供了系统的知识基线。

关键词：精神康复；社会工作；文献综述；文献计量；洛特卡定律；社区康复；精康融合

Abstract:

This study conducts a systematic review of social work research in the field of psychiatric rehabilitation, using a combination of bibliometric analysis and content analysis on 105 journal articles and 189 dissertations indexed in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The bibliometric analysis shows that the number of publications in this field has entered a rapid growth phase since 2017, peaking at 40 in 2023. The most frequent keywords are “social work” (89 occurrences), “psychiatric rehabilitation” (49 occurrences), and “community-based rehabilitation” (43 occurrences). Analysis of the author community reveals that 96.2% of first authors have published only one paper, far exceeding the 60.8% expected by Lotka’s Law, and the top core authors (identified by Price’s formula) contributed only 8.6% of total publications, indicating that the field remains in a fragmented, early-stage development. Content analysis reveals that qualitative case studies dominate, with only nine randomized controlled trials identified. Social support theory, ecological systems theory, recovery theory, and cognitive behavioral theory constitute the four major theoretical pillars. Research topics are concentrated on community-based rehabilitation and schizophrenia, while highly prevalent conditions such as anxiety disorders are largely unexplored. Geographically, studies are skewed toward developed coastal cities, with insufficient coverage of rural and central-western regions. This review identifies six research gaps: insufficient methodological rigor, fragmented author communities, lack of indigenous theoretical construction, imbalanced population coverage, neglect of macro-level institutional research, and regional bias. In light of the policy demands of the “Integrated Psychosocial Rehabilitation Action,” the study proposes priority directions for future research. The findings reveal the field’s characteristic stage of “rapid quantitative growth, structural fragmentation, and methodological homogeneity,” providing a systematic knowledge baseline for subsequent studies.

Keywords: Psychiatric rehabilitation; Social work; Literature review; Bibliometric analysis; Lotka’s Law; Community-based rehabilitation; Integrated psychosocial rehabilitation action

正文内容 / Content：

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作者 / Authors：

喻声援，北京师范大学社会学院博士研究生。

胡殷泽、金平，北京师范大学社会学院硕士研究生。