高单位重量表面积相嵌式星型人工鱼礁的研发：结构创新、参数计算与生态效益分析

摘要：该作品聚焦人工鱼礁优化设计，针对现有方型人工鱼礁单位重量表面积低、内部空间单一等不足，提出相嵌式星型人工鱼礁方案。其由2个带嵌合槽的正三棱柱中空钢筋混凝土模块上下交错相嵌而成，俯视呈六角星，内部含6个小空间与2个大空间，侧面围壁及底板设多种通孔以保障透水性与鱼类进出。与同尺寸方型鱼礁相比，该星型鱼礁单位重量表面积、空方体积分别为其1.30倍、1.32倍，内部空间数量为8倍，礁体重量仅为0.71倍（单体模块0.36倍），还解决了脱模难题、降低生产运输成本，是人工鱼礁设计的创新，助力海洋生态修复与资源增殖。
关键词：相嵌式星型人工鱼礁；正三棱柱中空礁体模块；方型人工鱼礁；单位重量空方体积

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Development of High-Specific-Surface-Area Interlocking Star-Shaped Artificial Reefs:
Structural Innovation, Parameter Calculation, and Ecological Benefit Analysis

This work focuses on the optimized design of artificial reefs. Addressing the shortcomings of existing square artificial reefs—such as low surface area per unit weight and monotonous internal spaces—it proposes an interlocking star-shaped artificial reef solution. Composed of two hollow reinforced concrete modules with interlocking triangular prisms stacked in an alternating pattern, it forms a hexagonal star when viewed from above. Its interior features six small compartments and two large spaces, with multiple perforations in the side walls and base plate to ensure permeability and facilitate fish access. Compared to square reefs of the same size, this star-shaped reef achieves 1.30 times the surface area per unit weight and 1.32 times the void volume. It offers eight times more internal spaces while weighing only 0.71 times as much (0.36 times for a single module). It also resolves formwork challenges and reduces production and transportation costs. This innovative reef design contributes to marine ecological restoration and resource enhancement.
Keywords:  Interlocking star-shaped artificial reef; Hollow prism reef module; Square artificial reef; Unit weight to empty cubic volume