摘 要：
随着工业化进程的加快，环境污染问题日益严重，对中药材品质的影响也引起了广泛关注。本研究以生态毒理学为理论基础，探讨环境污染物对中药材品质的影响。首先，通过对比分析不同污染环境下中药材的生长状况和有效成分含量，明确了环境污染对中药材生长和有效成分的负面影响。其次，采用生态毒理学实验方法，模拟环境污染条件下中药材的生长环境，进一步揭示了环境污染对中药材生长和有效成分的具体影响机制。研究结果表明，环境污染物会通过影响土壤微生物群落结构和功能，改变土壤营养物质的含量和比例，从而影响中药材的生长和有效成分的积累。此外，环境污染物还可能通过影响中药材的抗氧化系统，导致中药材的氧化应激反应，进一步影响其品质。本研究为环境污染对中药材品质影响的防控提供了科学依据，对保障中药材的品质安全具有重要意义。
关键词：环境污染物；中药材品质；生态毒理学；土壤微生物群落
Abstract:
With the acceleration of industrialization, environmental pollution issues have become increasingly severe, attracting widespread attention regarding their impact on the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. This study, based on the theoretical foundation of ecotoxicology, explores the effects of environmental pollutants on the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. Firstly, through comparative analysis of the growth status and active ingredient content of Chinese medicinal materials in different polluted environments, the negative impacts of environmental pollution on their growth and active ingredients were clarified. Secondly, by employing ecotoxicological experimental methods, the growth environment of Chinese medicinal materials under simulated polluted conditions was replicated, further revealing the specific mechanisms by which environmental pollution affects their growth and the accumulation of active ingredients. The research results indicate that environmental pollutants can influence the structure and function of soil microbial communities, alter the content and ratio of soil nutrients, thereby affecting the growth and active ingredient accumulation of Chinese medicinal materials. In addition, environmental pollutants may also induce oxidative stress responses in Chinese medicinal materials by affecting their antioxidant systems, further impacting their quality. This study provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the impact of environmental pollution on the quality of Chinese medicinal materials and is of great significance for ensuring their quality and safety.
Keywords: Environmental pollutants; Quality of Chinese Medicinal materials; ecotoxicology; Soil microbial community
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