Myocardial infarction (MI), as one of the leading causes of heart failure and death worldwide, has been a focal point in medical research for treatment strategies. Despite existing treatments such as thrombolysis, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) being able to salvage some myocardium, the limited regenerative capacity of cardiomyocytes leads to gradual replacement of infarcted myocardium by fibrous tissue, ultimately resulting in scarring and significant impairment of cardiac function. In recent years, the rapid development of regenerative medicine has provided new insights and methods for the recovery of cardiac function after MI. This article reviews the current status of regenerative medicine in the treatment of MI, emphasizing the latest advancements in cell therapy, gene therapy, tissue engineering, and biomaterials. It also discusses the prospects of these approaches in promoting cardiac function recovery. By thoroughly analyzing the advantages and challenges of regenerative medicine technologies, this paper aims to provide new strategies and directions for the clinical treatment of MI.
