摘 要：
敦煌壁画是敦煌艺术中的主体部分，是我国优秀的古代民族文化遗产，也是世界文化史上辉煌的篇章之一。它不仅包含了佛教艺术的最高成就，更是一部经过矿物晶体固化后凝结起来的传播文明史。本文基于跨学科方法梳理研究了阿富汗青金石、西域朱砂等颜料的流动路径；解释了千年流传至今的铅白黑化及朱砂分解现象背后的晶格畸变机理。此外，借助运用同步辐射、多光谱成像等科技手段复原敦煌壁画原貌，并能在0.1毫米的颜料层中还原出粟特商队的身影和异域斑斓，能从微观角度再现千年以来的颜色变换过程。敦煌壁画的演变更是人类对于美的追寻以及永无止尽的光阴流逝所交织的人类历史的一个形象演绎。
关键词：敦煌壁画；颜料；分析检测技术；晶格畸变机理；科技复原
Abstract:
As the core component of Dunhuang art, the Mogao murals represent an outstanding cultural heritage of ancient Chinese civilization and a glorious chapter in global cultural history. These murals not only encapsulate the pinnacle of Buddhist artistry，but also constitute a mineral-crystallized chronicle of civilizational transmission. This study employs an interdisciplinary approach to trace the migratory routes of pigments such as Afghan lapis lazuli and Western Regions cinnabar, while elucidating the lattice distortion mechanisms underlying millennial-scale phenomena like lead white blackening and cinnabar decomposition. Additionally, scientific and technological means such as synchrotron radiation and multispectral imaging are employed to restore the original appearance of the Dunhuang murals. These techniques can reveal the figures of Sogdian caravans and exotic splendor within a 0.1-millimeter pigment layer, and microscopically reconstruct the color transformation processes over the past thousand years. The evolution of the Dunhuang murals thus vividly interprets human history as an interweaving of the pursuit of beauty and the relentless passage of time.
Keywords: Dunhuang murals; Pigments; Analytical and Detection Techniques；Mechanism of Lattice Distortion；Scientific and Technological Restoration
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