摘要：本篇报告深入探讨了根瘤菌与植物共生机制的研究进展。报告详尽阐述了根瘤菌的定义、分类、生物学特性，以及它们与豆科植物共生关系的发现、共生信号传导、侵染过程、根瘤形成、固氮作用、环境适应性以及在农业可持续发展中的潜力。探讨根瘤菌共生系统的环境适应性，以及如何通过接种根瘤菌来提高作物产量和品质，促进农业生态系统的健康与稳定，旨在增进人们对根瘤菌的认识，拓展对根瘤菌研究与应用的视野。

关键词：根瘤菌；共生；固氮

Abstract: This report discusses the research progress of the symbiosis mechanism between rhizobia and plants. The report elaborates on the definition, classification, and biological characteristics of rhizobia, as well as the discovery of their symbiotic relationship with legumes, symbiotic signaling, infection processes, nodule formation, nitrogen fixation, environmental adaptability, and their potential for sustainable agricultural development. To explore the environmental adaptability of rhizobia symbiosis system, and how to improve crop yield and quality by inoculating rhizobia and promote the health and stability of agroecosystems, the aim is to enhance people's understanding of rhizobia and expand the horizon of rhizobia research and application.

Keywords: Rhizobia; Symbiosis; Nitrogen Fixation

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