摘 要：
随着量子计算的快速发展，其对现有加密体系构成了严峻的挑战。传统的加密技术，如RSA和ECC，依赖于大数分解和椭圆曲线离散对数问题的计算困难性。然而，量子计算机通过Shor算法能在多项式时间内解决这些问题，从而威胁到这些加密系统的安全性。本研究首先回顾了量子计算的基本原理及其在加密领域的潜在应用。接着，通过模拟量子攻击，评估了量子计算对现有加密算法的破坏力。结果显示，量子计算机能够在极短的时间内破解多种标准加密技术。据此，本文进一步探讨了量子安全加密（如量子密钥分发）及其实现机制，为实现抗量子加密提供了理论基础和实际方案。研究表明，推动量子抗性加密技术的发展是应对量子计算挑战的关键。研究意义：本研究不仅揭示了量子计算对现有加密体系的颠覆性挑战，也为未来加密技术的改进和发展提供了方向。这对保护信息安全、促进安全通信具有重要的理论和实践意义。
关键词：量子计算；加密体系；Shor算法；量子安全加密
Abstract:
With the rapid development of quantum computing, it poses a severe challenge to the existing encryption systems. Traditional encryption techniques, such as RSA and ECC, rely on the computational difficulty of large number factorization and elliptic curve discrete logarithm problems. However, quantum computers can solve these problems in polynomial time through the Shor algorithm, thereby threatening the security of these encryption systems. This study first reviews the basic principles of quantum computing and its potential applications in the field of encryption. Then, by simulating quantum attacks, the destructive power of quantum computing on existing encryption algorithms was evaluated. The results show that quantum computers can crack multiple standard encryption techniques in an extremely short time. Based on this, this paper further explores quantum-secure encryption (such as quantum key distribution) and its implementation mechanism, providing a theoretical basis and practical solution for achieving quantum-resistant encryption. Research shows that promoting the development of quantum-resistant encryption technology is the key to addressing the challenges of quantum computing. Research significance: This study not only reveals the disruptive challenges that quantum computing poses to existing encryption systems, but also provides a direction for the improvement and development of future encryption technologies. This has important theoretical and practical significance for protecting information security and promoting secure communication.
Keywords: Quantum computing;Encryption system;Shor algorithm;Quantum secure encryption
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